Digital Twin: High-Fidelity Energy Simulation

The Challenge: Predicting the Unpredictable

Residential energy flows are highly stochastic. To accurately size a battery or predict a home’s self-sufficiency, you need more than just “averages”—you need a high-resolution simulation that models the interplay of physics and human behavior.

The Kaluku Solution

The Home Energy Simulator is a discrete-time simulation engine that models a household’s energy balance at 1-minute intervals. It acts as a digital twin for testing control algorithms before hardware deployment.

• Stochastic Load Profiling: Generates realistic usage patterns for non-controllable loads (lighting, electronics).
• Battery Dynamics: Models State of Charge (\(SoC\)) with non-linear efficiency and depth-of-discharge constraints.

\[SoC_{t+1} = SoC_t + (\eta_{ch} \cdot P_{ch} - \frac{P_{dis}}{\eta_{dis}}) \cdot \Delta t\]

Technical Highlights

• Modular Architecture: Easily swap models for heat pumps, EVs, or specific inverter topologies.
• Scenario Testing: Run Monte Carlo simulations to determine the ROI of storage under varying utility tariffs.